Determination of predictors and risk factors in patients with multiple emergency surgical traumas

In the rescue and management of patients with multiple traumas, identifying and eliminating risk factors can guarantee a promising outcome.

This was a prospective randomized cohort study in trauma patients in the Department of Surgery, Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, covering 17 months. Based on the cause of mortality, complications and discharge, the patients were divided into groups as non-survivor and complicated and non-complicated groups. The results were compared for the risk factor extraction.

From 125 studied patients, 27 died, 19 cases were complicated and 79 injured patients were successfully treated and discharged. Three extracted classifications as main (real), moderate and predictive risk factors were determined. Referral delay, delay in diagnosis and treatment, decreased blood pressure on arrival, multiple intra-abdominal visceral injuries, and severe acidosis were identified as the main risk factors. Age, multiple surgery and pitfalls, intensive care unit admittance, electrolyte imbalance, and mismanagement during transfer were identified as moderate risk factors. Low hemoglobin, hypoxemia, observation in multiple services, and distance of more than 100 kilometers were identified as predictive factors.

Elimination of the main risk factors is a substantial issue to decrease inevitable mortalities. Thus, attempt to shorten the lethal chain of the risk factors can lengthen a patient's life and improve the prognosis.