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Rotavirus antigenemia in Indian children with rotavirus gastroenteritis and asymptomatic infections

Sasirekha Ramani1, Anu Paul, Anuradha Saravanabavan

  • 1Departments of Gastrointestinal Sciences1 and Biostatistics2, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|November 3, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus antigen in the blood (antigenemia) is common in children with rotavirus diarrhea, indicating significant gut virus replication. However, it does not predict extraintestinal complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a major cause of illness and death in Indian children.
  • Limited data exists on rotavirus antigenemia and extraintestinal manifestations in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of rotavirus antigenemia in Indian children with acute gastroenteritis.
  • To determine the correlation between antigenemia, stool viral load, disease severity, and extraintestinal presentations.

Main Methods:

  • Stool samples from children were screened for rotavirus antigen using enzyme immunoassay (EIA).
  • Rotavirus-positive stool samples underwent genotyping and viral load quantification via real-time RT-PCR.
  • Serum samples were tested for rotavirus antigen using an in-house EIA, and antigen levels were quantified.

Main Results:

  • Antigenemia was detected in 50.4% of children with rotavirus diarrhea, significantly higher than in non-rotavirus diarrhea (16%) or asymptomatic cases (2.3%).
  • Rotavirus antigen levels in serum correlated with stool viral load.
  • Children with antigenemia experienced more severe disease but did not show increased extraintestinal presentations.

Conclusions:

  • Antigenemia is a frequent occurrence in rotavirus infections.
  • The presence of antigenemia reflects active viral replication in the gut.
  • Antigenemia is not associated with extraintestinal complications of rotavirus infection.
Abstract

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