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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...

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Epigenetics: a lasting impression?

Simon C Biddie1, Stafford L Lightman

  • 1Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Journal of Neuroendocrinology
|November 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetics involves inheritable, non-genetic factors that regulate genes. These factors are dynamic, changing rapidly and influencing health and disease through gene transcription modulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Epigenetics classically describes long-term inheritable, non-genetic gene regulation.
  • Recent findings reveal epigenetic mechanisms can be highly dynamic, operating on minute timescales.
  • Transcription factors dynamically interact with epigenetic mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the dynamic nature of epigenetic regulation.
  • To highlight the role of transcription factors in transient epigenetic modifications.
  • To underscore the relevance of modern epigenetics in health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Analysis of transcription factor interactions with epigenetic machinery.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of epigenetic dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic factors are not solely long-term but can change rapidly (minutes).
  • Transcription factors (e.g., steroid hormone receptors) dynamically modulate gene transcription via epigenetic pathways.
  • Modern epigenetics encompasses both stable and transient regulatory modes.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic regulation is a dynamic process with short-term and long-term components.
  • Dynamic epigenetic changes mediated by transcription factors are crucial for physiological processes, health, and disease.
  • The scope of epigenetics extends to transient modifications across diverse biological systems.