Pelvic tuberculosis mimicking ovarian malignancy: a case report

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Oncology
• Infectious Diseases
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health issue in developing nations, particularly India.
• The female genital tract is a common site for TB, with the fallopian tubes being the most frequently involved.
• Genital tuberculosis can present insidiously, complicating early diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

• A case study involving a woman presenting with infertility, menstrual irregularities, abdominal mass, pain, and weight loss.
• The patient had a prior history of surgery for a left ovarian germ cell tumor.
• Clinical, radiological, and histopathological evaluations were crucial for diagnosis.

Findings:

• Female genital tuberculosis can mimic gynecologic malignancies.
• Symptoms such as infertility, menstrual disturbances, abdominal masses, and weight loss are shared by both conditions.
• Accurate diagnosis requires a comprehensive approach integrating various diagnostic modalities.

Implications:

• In women with relevant symptoms, both malignancy and tuberculosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis.
• Early and accurate differentiation is vital for appropriate management and improved patient outcomes.
• This case highlights the importance of considering infectious etiologies alongside neoplastic processes in gynecologic practice.