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Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Cells of the Epidermis

Cells of the Epidermis

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The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...

Metastasis

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The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection

Published on: February 7, 2019

Merkel cell carcinoma.

Hannah H Wong¹, Jun Wang

¹Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA. HHWong@llu.edu

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine

|November 4, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare skin cancer, is aggressive and challenging to diagnose. The Merkel cell polyomavirus discovery offers new insights into its development and potential treatments.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Dermatology
Virology

Background:

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer.
Histological diagnosis can be challenging, requiring differentiation from other small round cell tumors.
Malignant cells express unique epithelial and neuroendocrine markers.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the pathogenesis of Merkel cell carcinoma.
To investigate the role of the Merkel cell polyomavirus in carcinogenesis.
To identify potential new therapeutic targets for MCC.

Main Methods:

Review of histological and immunohistochemical features of MCC.
Analysis of chromosomal abnormalities and signaling pathways involved in MCC.
Investigation of Merkel cell polyomavirus integration and its effect on cellular regulation.

Main Results:

MCC cells exhibit specific immunohistochemical profiles.
The Merkel cell polyomavirus integrates into the host genome at band 3p14.
Viral activity alters tumor suppressor and cell cycle regulatory proteins, promoting carcinogenesis.

Conclusions:

The Merkel cell polyomavirus is a significant factor in Merkel cell carcinoma pathogenesis.
Understanding viral integration and its effects can lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Further research into the Merkel cell polyomavirus holds promise for advancing MCC treatment.