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Protein Families

Protein Families

Protein families are groups of homologous proteins; that is, they have similarities in amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. Protein families usually occur because of gene duplication, where an additional copy of a gene is inserted into the genome of an organism. Mutations that change the amino acids but still allow the protein to be properly synthesized, will lead to new protein family members. If these new proteins contain similar amino acids in key locations, protein...

Protein Networks

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...

Protein Networks

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...

Globular and Fibrous Proteins

Globular and Fibrous Proteins

Many proteins can be classified into two distinct subtypes - globular or fibrous. These two types differ in their shapes and solubilities.
Globular proteins are also known as spheroproteins and typically are approximately round in shape. They contain a mix of amino acid types and contain differing sequences in their primary structures. Globular proteins have many different functions, such as enzymes, cellular messengers, and molecular transporters. These roles often require the proteins to be...

Gene Families

Gene Families

Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...

Protein Organization

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web

Published on: July 16, 2017

PDBe: Protein Data Bank in Europe.

Sameer Velankar¹, Younes Alhroub, Anaëlle Alili

¹Protein Data Bank in Europe, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK.

Nucleic Acids Research

|November 4, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe) enhances access to biomacromolecular structures. New tools and a redesigned website improve usability for researchers, making structural data more accessible.

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Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web

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Published on: July 16, 2017

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

Online Size-exclusion and Ion-exchange Chromatography on a SAXS Beamline

Online Size-exclusion and Ion-exchange Chromatography on a SAXS Beamline

Published on: January 5, 2017

Area of Science:

Structural Biology
Bioinformatics
Biochemistry

Background:

The Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe) is a key partner in the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB), managing the global archive of biomacromolecular structure data.
There is a continuous need for improved tools and resources to facilitate the accessibility and analysis of structural data for the biomedical community.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance the accessibility and usability of the Protein Data Bank (PDB) archive.
To develop new tools for accessing and analyzing biomacromolecular structural data.
To improve the presentation and information content of PDB entries.

Main Methods:

Development of a new browser for accessing and analyzing the structural archive.
Enhancement of PDBe web pages with plain-English summaries and iconic representations (PDBprints).
Expansion of information for structures determined by NMR spectroscopy.
Redesign of the entire website for improved user experience.
Collaboration with European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) and international partners.

Main Results:

Introduction of a user-friendly browser for structural data analysis.
Implementation of PDBprints for clearer visualization of entry contents.
Expanded data availability for NMR-derived structures.
A redesigned, more intuitive website interface for all users.
Successful collaboration through initiatives like SIFTS, linking PDB data with other databases.

Conclusions:

The enhanced PDBe resources significantly improve access to and analysis of biomacromolecular structural data.
The redesigned website and new tools cater to both expert and novice users.
Collaborative initiatives like SIFTS add significant value by integrating PDB data with other biomedical resources.