Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Continuous -time Fourier Transform

Continuous -time Fourier Transform

The Fourier series is instrumental in representing periodic functions, offering a powerful method to decompose such functions into a sum of sinusoids. This technique, however, necessitates modification when applied to nonperiodic functions. Consider a pulse-train waveform consisting of a series of rectangular pulses. When these pulses have a finite period, they can be accurately represented by a Fourier series. Yet, as the period approaches infinity, resulting in a single, isolated pulse, the...

Discrete Fourier Transform

Discrete Fourier Transform

The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is a fundamental tool in signal processing, extending the discrete-time Fourier transform by evaluating discrete signals at uniformly spaced frequency intervals. This transformation converts a finite sequence of time-domain samples into frequency components, each representing complex sinusoids ordered by frequency. The DFT translates these sequences into the frequency domain, effectively indicating the magnitude and phase of each frequency component present...

Discrete-time Fourier transform

Discrete-time Fourier transform

The Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (DTFT) is an essential mathematical tool for analyzing discrete-time signals, converting them from the time domain to the frequency domain. This transformation allows for examining the frequency components of discrete signals, providing insights into their spectral characteristics. In the DTFT, the continuous integral used in the continuous-time Fourier transform is replaced by a summation to accommodate the discrete nature of the signal.
One of the notable...

Basic signals of Fourier Transform

Basic signals of Fourier Transform

The Fourier Transform is a pivotal mathematical tool in signal processing, enabling the transformation of time-domain signals into their frequency-domain representations. Among the numerous elements within this domain, certain functions like the sinc function, delta function, and exponential signals hold significant importance due to their unique properties and implications.
The sinc function, defined as sinc(x) = sin(πx)/(πx), is particularly notable for its symmetry and behavior at zero. It...

Fast Fourier Transform

Fast Fourier Transform

The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is a computational algorithm designed to compute the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) efficiently. By breaking down the calculations into smaller, manageable sections, the FFT significantly reduces the computational complexity involved. Direct computation of an N-point DFT requires N2 complex multiplications, whereas the FFT algorithm needs only (N/2)log⁡2N multiplications, offering a much faster performance.
The computational efficiency of the FFT becomes...

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Realizing optical logic with a smart-pixel spatial light modulator.

Applied optics·2010

Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

Fourier-plane windowing in the binary joint transform correlator for multiple target detection.

|November 6, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel sliding window technique improves optical joint transform correlator (JTC) and binary JTC (BJTC) performance by 2-4x. This method enhances target detection by suppressing unwanted signals in complex scenes.

More Related Videos

Measurement of the Directional Information Flow in fNIRS-Hyperscanning Data using the Partial Wavelet Transform Coherence Method

Measurement of the Directional Information Flow in fNIRS-Hyperscanning Data using the Partial Wavelet Transform Coherence Method

Published on: September 3, 2021

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

Measurement of the Directional Information Flow in fNIRS-Hyperscanning Data using the Partial Wavelet Transform Coherence Method

Measurement of the Directional Information Flow in fNIRS-Hyperscanning Data using the Partial Wavelet Transform Coherence Method

Published on: September 3, 2021

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

Area of Science:

Optical signal processing
Image recognition
Fourier optics

Background:

Optical joint transform correlators (JTC) and binary JTCs (BJTC) are advancing as practical signal-processing tools.
Current JTC/BJTC performance is hindered by the challenge of distinguishing cross-correlations between reference and target objects from self-correlations within the scene.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and mathematically model a sliding window technique for Fourier plane filtering in JTCs and BJTCs.
To enhance the separation of target cross-correlations from autocorrelation signals in cluttered scenes.

Main Methods:

A sliding window is implemented in the Fourier plane, acting as a convolution mask filter.
An adaptive binarization threshold is set using the window to suppress autocorrelation responses and reduce signal dynamic range.
A general mathematical model is developed for the windowing process in both JTC and BJTC, accommodating various spatial filtering types.

Main Results:

The sliding window technique significantly improves correlation performance, yielding improvements of 2 to 4 times.
The method effectively suppresses autocorrelation peaks and reduces the dynamic range of the Fourier-plane signal.
Experimental data validates the mathematical model and the performance enhancements achieved.

Conclusions:

The sliding window approach offers a practical and effective solution for improving JTC and BJTC performance in multi-target and cluttered environments.
This technique enhances the reliability and accuracy of optical correlation-based signal processing.