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Exosomes and retroviruses: the chicken or the egg?

Nuria Izquierdo-Useros1, Maria Carmen Puertas, Francesc E Borràs

  • 1IrsiCaixa Foundation, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.

Cellular Microbiology
|November 9, 2010
PubMed

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Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

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Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.