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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and refractory oxide ion...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Automated Analysis of Dynamic Ca2+ Signals in Image Sequences
06:49

Automated Analysis of Dynamic Ca2+ Signals in Image Sequences

Published on: June 16, 2014

Automated interferogram analysis based on an integrated expert system.

W Joo, S S Cha

    Applied Optics
    |November 10, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new integrated expert system addresses the 2π ambiguity in interferometric data, enhancing phase extraction for aerodynamic applications. This intelligent system improves accuracy, especially in noisy, high-speed conditions.

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    Biomolecular Detection employing the Interferometric Reflectance Imaging Sensor (IRIS)
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    Published on: May 3, 2011

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Metrology
    • Aerodynamic Testing
    • Artificial Intelligence

    Background:

    • Interferometric techniques often yield wrapped-phase data, presenting a 2π ambiguity.
    • Increased noise levels, common in high-speed aerodynamics, hinder accurate phase extraction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel hybrid approach, the integrated expert system, for aerodynamic interferogram evaluation.
    • To overcome limitations of conventional phase extraction methods in noisy environments.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of an integrated expert system combining expert system logic with algorithmic programming.
    • Utilization of interferometric-specific knowledge rules for enhanced phase unwrapping.

    Main Results:

    • The integrated expert system offers a unified approach for various interferogram evaluation techniques.
    • Improved phase extraction and unwrapping, particularly in challenging aerodynamic scenarios.

    Conclusions:

    • The integrated expert system provides a robust solution for interferometric data processing in aerodynamics.
    • This approach lays the foundation for future intelligent interferogram processing systems.