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Negative feedback regulation of microbe-associated molecular pattern-induced cytosolic Ca2+ transients by protein

Takamitsu Kurusu1, Haruyasu Hamada, Yoshimi Sugiyama

  • 1Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.

Journal of Plant Research
|November 11, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) trigger calcium signals and protein changes in plants. Protein phosphorylation negatively regulates MAMP-induced calcium mobilization, crucial for plant immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Plant innate immunity
  • Calcium signaling

Background:

  • Microbe/pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/PAMPs) are crucial for plant innate immunity.
  • MAMPs/PAMPs induce cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](cyt)) and protein phosphorylation.
  • Molecular links and regulatory mechanisms of MAMP-induced signaling remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate regulatory mechanisms for MAMP-induced Ca(2+) mobilization in rice.
  • Characterize the interrelationship among MAMP-induced [Ca(2+)](cyt) changes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and protein phosphorylation.

Main Methods:

  • Established a transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) cell line stably expressing apoaequorin.
  • Measured MAMP-induced [Ca(2+)](cyt) transients, ROS production, and protein phosphorylation.
  • Utilized calyculin A (CA), a protein phosphatase inhibitor, to probe regulatory pathways.

Main Results:

  • Oligosaccharide and sphingolipid MAMPs induced Ca(2+) transients primarily via plasma membrane Ca(2+) influx.
  • CA dramatically suppressed MAMP-induced Ca(2+) transients but promoted MAMP-induced protein phosphorylation.
  • MAMP-induced protein phosphorylation was required for ROS production and MAPK activation.
  • Protein phosphorylation negatively regulated MAMP-induced Ca(2+) mobilization.

Conclusions:

  • Protein phosphorylation plays a crucial role in the temporal regulation of MAMP-induced [Ca(2+)](cyt) signatures in rice.
  • MAMP-induced Ca(2+) mobilization is tightly regulated by protein phosphorylation, influencing plant innate immunity.

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