Wave intensity analysis of carotid artery: a noninvasive technique for assessing hemodynamic changes of hyperthyroid
Yanrong Zhang1, Manwei Liu, Meiling Wang
1Department of Ultrasound, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. zhyr008@yahoo.com.cn
Insights
Wave intensity (WI) analysis reveals significant hemodynamic changes in hyperthyroid patients, offering a noninvasive method to assess cardiac function. This technique detected alterations not seen in standard echocardiograms.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Endocrinology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Hyperthyroidism can cause significant hemodynamic alterations.
- Assessing these changes noninvasively is crucial for patient management.
- Existing methods may not fully capture subtle hemodynamic shifts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate wave intensity (WI) changes in the carotid artery of hyperthyroid patients.
- To assess the utility of WI in detecting hemodynamic alterations associated with hyperthyroidism.
- To correlate WI indices with thyroid hormone levels.
Main Methods:
- Wave intensity (WI) analysis was performed on the right common carotid artery (RCCA) in 86 hyperthyroid patients and 80 healthy controls.
- Key WI indices (W1, W2, NA, R-1st, 1st-2nd) were measured.
- Serum thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4, TSH) and echocardiographic parameters (LVEF, LVFS) were assessed.
Main Results:
- Hyperthyroid patients exhibited significantly higher W1, W2, NA, and (1st-2nd×HR) compared to controls.
- No significant differences were observed in LVEF and LVFS between groups.
- FT3 levels correlated with several WI indices, pulse pressure (PP), and heart rate (HR).
- Abnormal WI waves were noted in 19 hyperthyroid patients.
Conclusions:
- Wave intensity (WI) analysis is a sensitive, noninvasive tool for detecting hemodynamic alterations in hyperthyroidism.
- WI may offer advantages over standard echocardiography in assessing cardiac function in these patients.
- WI provides real-time, convenient assessment of hemodynamic changes.
Abstract:
This study examined the wave intensity (WI) of the carotid artery in patients with hyperthyroid in order to assess the hemodynamic changes of hyperthyroid patients. A total of 86 hyperthyroid patients without cardiac morphological changes and arrhythmia, and 80 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. Right common carotid artery (RCCA) was selected for ultrasonic imaging to obtain WI indices, including amplitude of the peak during early systole (W1), amplitude of the peak during late systole (W2), area of the negative wave during mid-systole (NA), interval between R wave of electrocardiogram and W1 (R-1st), interval between W1 and W2 (1st-2nd). The levels of serum thyroid hormones, consisting of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxin (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), were measured in hyperthyroid patients. Echocardiographic indices including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS) were determined in each subject. The results showed that the W1, W2, NA, and (1st-2nd×HR) in hyperthyroid patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls. There was no significant difference in LVEF and LVFS between the two groups. FT3 was correlated with W1, W2, NA, (1st-2nd×HR), pulse pressure (PP) and heart rate (HR) in hyperthyroid patients. Several abnormal waves on WI curves were present in 19 hyperthyroid patients during mid-systole. It was concluded that WI technique may prove a real-time, noninvasive, sensitive and convenient tool for assessing the cardiac function and hemodynamic alterations in hyperthyroid patients.
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01:27Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology
01:25Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction