Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...

IR Absorption Frequency: Hybridization

IR Absorption Frequency: Hybridization

Hydrocarbons such as alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes show characteristic C–H stretching absorption bands. These IR stretching frequencies depend on the hybridization of the involved carbon atom and can be explained in terms of the s character of each hybridized atomic orbital.
Among the sp, sp2, and sp3 hybridized orbitals, sp orbitals have the maximum s character (50%). Consequently, the electrons are held more closely to the nucleus, resulting in stronger and shorter C–H bonds that stretch at a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Broadband transmission filters from the 2013 Optical Interference Coatings manufacturing problem contest [invited].

Applied optics·2014

Same author

Multivariate optical computation for predictive spectroscopy.

Analytical chemistry·2011

Same author

Design and manufacture of metal/dielectric long-wavelength cutoff filters.

Applied optics·2011

Same author

Implementation of long-wavelength cut-off filters based on critical angle.

Applied optics·2011

Same author

2010 topical meeting on optical interference coatings: manufacturing problem.

Applied optics·2011

Same author

Implementation of a numerical needle method for thin-film design.

Applied optics·2010

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Rejection of Fluorescence Background in Resonance and Spontaneous Raman Microspectroscopy

Rejection of Fluorescence Background in Resonance and Spontaneous Raman Microspectroscopy

Published on: May 18, 2011

Antireflection coatings designed for two different infrared substrates.

J A Dobrowolski, P Panchhi, M High

|November 12, 2010

Summary

This study demonstrates novel antireflection coatings that reduce reflectance for two substrates simultaneously. This innovation offers significant time and cost savings for small-scale thin-film production.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Optical Engineering
Thin-Film Technology

Background:

Conventional antireflection coatings are optimized for single substrates.
Simultaneous reduction of reflectance for multiple substrates presents design challenges.
Small thin-film production facilities seek cost-effective solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and evaluate normal-incidence antireflection coatings capable of reducing reflectance for two distinct substrates concurrently.
To assess the trade-offs between performance and cost-effectiveness in such multi-substrate coatings.
To provide numerical examples and experimental validation for the proposed coating designs.

Main Methods:

Design of multi-substrate antireflection coatings using optical modeling.

More Related Videos

TiO2-coated Hollow Glass Microspheres with Superhydrophobic and High IR-reflective Properties Synthesized by a Soft-chemistry Method

TiO₂-coated Hollow Glass Microspheres with Superhydrophobic and High IR-reflective Properties Synthesized by a Soft-chemistry Method

Published on: April 26, 2017

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Rejection of Fluorescence Background in Resonance and Spontaneous Raman Microspectroscopy

Rejection of Fluorescence Background in Resonance and Spontaneous Raman Microspectroscopy

Published on: May 18, 2011

TiO2-coated Hollow Glass Microspheres with Superhydrophobic and High IR-reflective Properties Synthesized by a Soft-chemistry Method

TiO₂-coated Hollow Glass Microspheres with Superhydrophobic and High IR-reflective Properties Synthesized by a Soft-chemistry Method

Published on: April 26, 2017

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

Numerical simulations for specific substrate pairs (ZnS/ZnSe, Si/Ge, ZnS/Ge).

Experimental fabrication and measurement of a representative coating design.

Main Results:

Successful design of antireflection coatings for simultaneous dual-substrate reflectance reduction.
Demonstrated performance trade-offs compared to conventional single-substrate coatings.
Numerical examples and experimental data show good agreement, validating the design approach.

Conclusions:

It is feasible to engineer antireflection coatings for dual-substrate applications.
These coatings offer substantial time and cost benefits for small-scale manufacturing despite minor performance compromises.
The validated design methodology is applicable to various substrate combinations.