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Visualizing Hyporheic Flow Through Bedforms Using Dye Experiments and Simulation
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Modeled infiltration rate distributions for U.S. housing.

A Persily1, A Musser, S J Emmerich

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. andyp@nist.gov

Indoor Air
|November 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study generated frequency distributions of residential infiltration rates for U.S. housing using the CONTAM model. These distributions represent 80% of U.S. homes and support indoor air quality and energy analyses.

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Area of Science:

  • Building science
  • Environmental engineering
  • Energy efficiency

Background:

  • Accurate data on residential infiltration rates is crucial for indoor air quality (IAQ) and energy consumption studies.
  • Previous analyses lacked a representative dataset of U.S. housing stock.
  • Understanding building air change rates is essential for effective ventilation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop frequency distributions of residential infiltration rates for a representative sample of U.S. housing.
  • To provide a valuable resource for indoor air quality, exposure, and energy analyses.
  • To establish a methodology applicable to other countries and building types.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 1997 U.S. Department of Energy's Residential Energy Consumption Survey to define a housing stock sample.
  • Employed the multizone network airflow model, CONTAM, for infiltration rate calculations.
  • Conducted hourly simulations for 209 representative U.S. homes across 19 climatic regions over one year.

Main Results:

  • Generated frequency distributions of residential infiltration rates for the U.S. housing stock.
  • Presented national distributions and breakdowns by house type and region.
  • Established a comprehensive dataset reflecting 80% of U.S. housing stock.

Conclusions:

  • The developed distributions offer unprecedented support for IAQ, exposure, and energy analyses.
  • The methodology can be extended globally and to diverse building collections.
  • Future U.S.-specific studies can incorporate occupants and contaminant sources for advanced ventilation research.