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PET Performance Evaluation of an MR-Compatible PET Insert.

Yibao Wu¹, Ciprian Catana, Richard Farrell

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA (telephone: 530-752-2809).

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

|November 13, 2010

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A new magnetic resonance (MR) compatible positron emission tomography (PET) insert enables simultaneous small animal PET/MR imaging. The system achieved 1.51 mm spatial resolution but requires electronics improvements for better count rate performance.

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Nuclear Medicine
Biophysics

Background:

Simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging offers synergistic benefits for small animal research.
Developing integrated PET/MR systems presents technical challenges, particularly in detector design and electronics within a strong magnetic field.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate the performance of a novel MR-compatible PET insert for simultaneous small animal PET/MR imaging.
To assess the PET insert's spatial resolution, sensitivity, energy resolution, scatter fraction, and count rate performance within a 7-T MR system.

Main Methods:

The system utilizes lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) scintillator arrays coupled with position-sensitive avalanche photodiode (PSAPD) detectors.
Performance metrics including spatial resolution, sensitivity, energy resolution, scatter fraction, and noise-equivalent count rate (NECR) were measured.

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Imaging was conducted within a 7-T animal MRI scanner, evaluating performance with and without phantoms and RF coils.

Main Results:

The PET insert achieved an average reconstructed spatial resolution of 1.51 mm and a center field of view sensitivity of 0.35%.
Average photopeak energy resolution was 25%, with scatter fractions ranging from 5% to 12% depending on the setup.
Peak NECR was 1.27 kcps at 290 microCi, with front-end electronics exhibiting dead times that limited performance at higher activities (>0.75 mCi).

Conclusions:

The MR-compatible PET insert demonstrates good imaging performance within a 7-T animal MRI system.
Further optimization of data acquisition electronics and coincidence timing is necessary to enhance NECR performance and fully leverage the system's potential.