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Related Concept Videos

Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview01:27

Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview

Controlled current coulometry, also known as amperostatic coulometry, is a technique used in electrochemical analysis to measure the quantity of a substance through the controlled passage of current. It involves the application of a constant current to an electrochemical cell containing the analyte of interest. As the current flows through the cell, the analyte undergoes a redox reaction at the electrode surface, resulting in a charge transfer. By monitoring the time required for a certain...
Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis01:22

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
Biological samples, such as  cells...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System
14:12

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System

Published on: November 21, 2023

Gradient counterflow electrophoresis methods for bioanalysis.

Chandni A Vyas1, Paul M Flanigan, Jonathan G Shackman

  • 1Temple University, Dept of Chemistry, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.

Bioanalysis
|November 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two new electrophoresis methods, GEMBE and GEITP, simplify microchip separations using continuous injection and counterflow. These techniques reduce instrument complexity and improve sensitivity for microdevice analyses.

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Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples
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Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

Published on: October 1, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System
14:12

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System

Published on: November 21, 2023

Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples
07:46

Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

Published on: October 1, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful separation technique for diverse analytes.
  • Microdevices integrate sample handling, separation, and detection, often utilizing CE.
  • Current CE microdevices face challenges with complex geometries for injection and zone stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop simplified methods for electrophoretic separations in microdevices.
  • To overcome limitations of complex geometries and improve microcolumn operations in CE.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of Gradient Elution Moving Boundary Electrophoresis (GEMBE).
  • Introduction of Gradient Elution Isotachophoresis (GEITP).
  • Both methods employ variable hydrodynamic counterflow and continuous sample injection in short, simple microcolumns.

Main Results:

  • GEMBE and GEITP enable simplified microcolumn operations.
  • The techniques result in instruments and microdevices with reduced footprints and minimal interfaces.
  • GEITP functions as a rapid enrichment technique, enhancing sensitivity in CE microchips.

Conclusions:

  • GEMBE and GEITP offer streamlined approaches for CE separations in microdevices.
  • These methods address key challenges in microchip-based electrophoretic analyses.
  • GEITP shows promise for improving sensitivity in microfluidic CE applications.