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Related Concept Videos

Microbe-Plant Interactions01:09

Microbe-Plant Interactions

Microbe-plant interactions represent a dynamic spectrum of associations shaped by intricate chemical signaling. These interactions can be neutral, beneficial, or detrimental, and profoundly influence plant physiology, growth, and ecosystem function. The plant microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, and viruses, plays a pivotal role in mediating these effects through surface colonization, internal colonization, or systemic symbiosis.Mutualistic associations, particularly with...
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Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
Microbial Interactions: Mutualism01:25

Microbial Interactions: Mutualism

Mutualism is a symbiotic interaction in which all participating organisms benefit. These relationships can be obligate or facultative and are fundamental to ecosystem functions across diverse biological systems.Plant–Fungi MutualismOne well-known example is the association between plant roots and mycorrhizal fungi, such as Rhizophagus species. The fungal hyphae penetrate the root hairs and the epidermis, forming an extensive hyphal network that establishes a symbiotic association. Through this...
Microbial Interactions: Cooperation01:26

Microbial Interactions: Cooperation

Microbial cooperation involves beneficial interactions in which different species work together for individual or mutual advantage. These interactions can profoundly influence ecological dynamics and evolutionary processes, and they are essential to many pathogenic and symbiotic relationships.Nematode–Bacteria CooperationA striking example is the relationship between the Gram-negative bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila and the parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. Juvenile nematodes...
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Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
Plant Hormones01:56

Plant Hormones

Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.

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A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling
11:16

A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling

Published on: July 22, 2017

Auxin and plant-microbe interactions.

Stijn Spaepen1, Jos Vanderleyden

  • 1Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|November 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbes produce auxin, a plant hormone, influencing plant development and acting as a signaling molecule. This microbial auxin impacts plant defense against bacterial pathogens, affecting plant susceptibility.

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Bacterial Leaf Infiltration Assay for Fine Characterization of Plant Defense Responses using the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae Pathosystem
11:50

Bacterial Leaf Infiltration Assay for Fine Characterization of Plant Defense Responses using the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae Pathosystem

Published on: October 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Microbial metabolism and plant-microbe interactions
  • Plant hormone signaling and defense mechanisms

Background:

  • Microbial synthesis of the phytohormone auxin is a well-established phenomenon, particularly in plant-associated bacteria.
  • Bacterial auxin can disrupt plant developmental processes regulated by endogenous auxin.
  • Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the primary natural auxin, also functions as a signaling molecule in microorganisms, affecting gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted roles of microbial auxin in microbe-plant interactions.
  • To investigate IAA as a reciprocal signaling molecule between microbes and plants.
  • To understand the implications of microbial auxin production on plant defense against bacterial pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microbial auxin biosynthesis pathways.
  • Analysis of studies investigating IAA's role as a signaling molecule in microorganisms.
  • Examination of research on plant defense mechanisms and auxin signaling in Arabidopsis.

Main Results:

  • Multiple auxin biosynthesis pathways exist in bacteria, similar to plants.
  • IAA acts as a signaling molecule in microbes, influencing gene expression.
  • Down-regulation of auxin signaling is a plant defense strategy against bacterial pathogens.
  • Exogenous auxin application, including microbial-produced auxin, increases plant susceptibility to pathogens.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial auxin plays a dual role: influencing plant development and acting as a reciprocal signal in microbe-plant interactions.
  • Understanding microbial auxin synthesis and signaling is crucial for comprehending plant defense evasion by pathogens.
  • The interaction highlights a complex interplay where pathogen-derived auxin can compromise plant immunity.