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Related Concept Videos

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term proteomics...
The Proteasome02:18

The Proteasome

Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important amongst these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. A series of enzymes carry out the ubiquitination of the target proteins - E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
The Proteasome01:13

The Proteasome

Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important among these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3 (ubiquitin...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors01:41

Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors

Signal sequences are short amino acid sequences that guide newly synthesized proteins to their proper location within the cell. Classical signal sequences are fifteen to sixty amino acids long and present at the N-terminus of a polypeptide chain. Each signal sequence has a conserved segment of basic residues towards their N terminus, a hydrophobic core, and a C-terminus rich in polar residues. The C-terminus also contains a signal cleavage site and features a -3 -1 sequence motif. The -3-1...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...

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An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
09:37

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

The SNO-proteome: causation and classifications.

Divya Seth1, Jonathan S Stamler

  • 1Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|November 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protein S-nitrosylation, a key cell signaling modification, involves adding nitric oxide to proteins. This review explores detection methods and factors influencing S-nitrosylation specificity in the SNO-proteome.

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JUMPn: A Streamlined Application for Protein Co-Expression Clustering and Network Analysis in Proteomics

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • Post-translational protein modifications are crucial for cellular signal transduction.
  • Protein S-nitrosylation (adding a nitric oxide group to cysteine thiols) is vital in many signaling pathways.
  • Understanding S-nitrosylation specificity is challenging despite identifying numerous SNO-proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in S-nitrosylation detection methods.
  • To discuss factors influencing the SNO-proteome.
  • To provide classification schemes for S-nitrosylases and denitrosylases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of S-nitrosylation detection techniques.
  • Analysis of factors affecting S-nitrosylation targets.
  • Compilation of existing data on SNO-proteins and related enzymes.

Main Results:

  • Progress in S-nitrosylation detection has enabled SNO-proteome studies under various conditions.
  • Several factors contribute to the specificity of protein S-nitrosylation.
  • Emerging classifications for enzymes involved in S-nitrosylation and denitrosylation are proposed.

Conclusions:

  • Improved detection methods are advancing the study of the SNO-proteome.
  • Specificity determinants of S-nitrosylation are becoming clearer.
  • Enzyme classifications aid in understanding the regulation of S-nitrosylation.