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Related Concept Videos

Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma
09:25

Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma

Published on: October 14, 2016

Head and neck osteosarcoma.

William M Mendenhall1, Rui Fernandes, John W Werning

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, 32610-0385, USA. mendwm@shands.ufl.edu

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|November 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Head and neck osteosarcomas are rare, primarily affecting the jawbones. Optimal treatment involves surgical resection, with adjuvant radiotherapy for positive margins, offering a 60-70% cure rate.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Head and Neck Surgery
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Head and neck osteosarcomas are rare malignancies, representing less than 1% of all head and neck cancers.
  • These tumors predominantly affect the mandible and maxilla, with a median age of occurrence in the fourth decade.
  • Compared to long bone osteosarcomas, they exhibit a higher rate of local recurrence and a lower rate of distant metastasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the optimal management strategies for head and neck osteosarcomas.
  • To review and analyze treatment outcomes for patients diagnosed with this rare cancer.
  • To provide insights into the current understanding of head and neck osteosarcoma treatment.

Main Methods:

  • This study is based on a comprehensive review of the pertinent medical literature.
  • A review article format was employed to synthesize existing knowledge.
  • Relevant studies and case reports were analyzed to identify optimal treatment pathways.

Main Results:

  • Complete surgical resection is identified as the primary and optimal treatment modality.
  • The role and efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy remain ill-defined in current practice.
  • The majority of recurrences are observed within five years, with 5-year disease-specific and overall survival rates ranging from 60% to 70%.

Conclusions:

  • Head and neck osteosarcoma is a rare tumor primarily located in the mandible and maxilla.
  • Surgical intervention is the cornerstone of optimal treatment.
  • Adjuvant radiotherapy should be considered for cases with close or positive surgical margins, while the utility of chemotherapy is uncertain.