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Related Concept Videos

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
Viscosity of Fluid01:19

Viscosity of Fluid

Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
Navier–Stokes Equations01:28

Navier–Stokes Equations

For incompressible Newtonian fluids, where density remains constant, stresses show a linear relationship with the deformation rate, defined by normal and shear stresses. Normal stresses depend on the pressure exerted on the fluid and the rate of deformation in specific directions, which determines how fluid flows under varying pressures. Shear stresses, on the other hand, act tangentially across fluid layers. They explain how adjacent fluid layers slide relative to one another, connecting...
Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

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Euler's Equations of Motion

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Direct visualization of shear waves in viscoelastic fluid using microspheres.

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Shear waves in viscoelastic wormlike micellar fluids over a broad concentration range.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Measuring Material Microstructure Under Flow Using 1-2 Plane Flow-Small Angle Neutron Scattering
09:08

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Published on: February 6, 2014

Shear waves in viscoelastic wormlike micellar fluids.

J R Gladden1, C E Skelton, J Mobley

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Center for Physical Acoustics, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA. jgladden@olemiss.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|November 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Shear wave speeds in wormlike micellar fluids increase with concentration. Elastic modulus primarily governs shear wave propagation at low frequencies in these viscoelastic materials.

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Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials
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Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials
06:07

Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials

Published on: April 25, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Rheology and viscoelastic materials science.
  • Soft matter physics and fluid dynamics.

Background:

  • Wormlike micellar (WM) fluids exhibit complex viscoelastic properties.
  • Understanding shear wave propagation is crucial for characterizing fluid dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure low-frequency shear wave speeds in CTAB/NaSAL wormlike micellar fluids.
  • To investigate the relationship between shear wave speed and fluid concentration.
  • To determine the dominant factors influencing shear wave propagation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized low-frequency (61 Hz) shear wave speed measurements.
  • Employed strain-induced birefringence for optical tracking of shear pulses.
  • Used crossed polarizing filters and high-speed video for precise measurements.
  • Compared results with rheology data for elastic and loss moduli.

Main Results:

  • Shear wave speed was found to increase linearly with CTAB concentration at a rate of 3.5 mm s(-1) mM(-1).
  • The concentration range studied was 20/12-160/96 mM CTAB/NaSAL.
  • Shear wave propagation is predominantly controlled by the elastic modulus at this frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Concentration is a key factor in determining shear wave speed in these micellar fluids.
  • The elastic modulus plays a dominant role in low-frequency shear wave propagation.
  • Optical tracking via birefringence offers a viable method for studying viscoelastic fluid dynamics.