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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature

The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
Regions of the Vertebral Column
In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form the...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Spinal Nerves: Anatomy01:23

Spinal Nerves: Anatomy

Spinal nerves are pivotal conduits in the nervous system, bridging the central nervous system (CNS) with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These nerves enable a complex communication network between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body, facilitating sensory input, motor output, and autonomic functions.
There are 31 bilateral pairs of spinal nerves, each emerging from the spinal cord through the intervertebral foramina—openings between adjacent vertebrae. These nerves are...
Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...

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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

Published on: November 8, 2024

Spine trauma.

Seamus Looby1, Adam Flanders

  • 1Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 111 South 11th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. seamuslooby@hotmail.com

Radiologic Clinics of North America
|November 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal fractures require prompt radiological assessment. Computed tomography (CT) offers superior speed and accuracy over plain radiography for evaluating spine trauma, guiding urgent patient care.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Trauma Imaging
  • Spinal Diagnostics

Background:

  • Spinal fractures account for 3-6% of skeletal injuries.
  • Radiological assessment is critical for diagnosing spine trauma.
  • Initial imaging often uses plain radiography, but rapid stabilization is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of radiological assessment in spine trauma.
  • To compare the efficacy of different imaging modalities for spinal trauma.
  • To emphasize the need for efficient imaging guidelines in trauma centers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic modalities for spinal trauma.
  • Comparison of plain radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  • Discussion of the role of each modality in patient management.

Main Results:

  • Computed tomography (CT) is faster and more accurate than plain radiography for acute spinal trauma evaluation.
  • CT has largely replaced plain film as the primary imaging modality in many trauma centers.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides crucial soft tissue detail (discs, ligaments, spinal cord) not visible on CT or plain film.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt and accurate spinal imaging is essential for patients with potential spinal cord injury.
  • CT is the preferred initial modality for evaluating spinal trauma due to speed and accuracy.
  • MRI is valuable for detailed soft tissue and neurological assessment when indicated.