Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Physiology of Respiration I: Functions of the Respiratory System

Physiology of Respiration I: Functions of the Respiratory System

The respiratory system is crucial for exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the atmosphere and the bloodstream, maintaining the body's balance. Beyond gas exchange, it helps regulate acid-base balance, purify inhaled air, and enable vocalization.
Fundamental Processes in Respiration:

Physiological Control of Respiration

Physiological Control of Respiration

Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...

Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration

Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration

Introduction to Inspiration: The Respiratory System in Action
The respiratory system, an essential network for breathing, comprises the conducting and respiratory zones, each playing a crucial role in the overall process of respiration. Let us explore the detailed mechanism of inspiration, or inhalation, which is the first phase of the respiratory cycle.
Pathway of Air during Inspiration
During inspiration, air enters our body through the nose or mouth and moves through the conducting zone,...

Respiration

Respiration

Overview of the Respiratory System and Energy Production
Energy production in the human body is primarily fueled by oxidation, a process where food molecules are burned by combining with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. This vital metabolic process sustains life, and is supported intricately by the respiratory system.
Structure and Function of the Respiratory System:
The respiratory system is a complex network of structures that includes the nose, oropharynx, larynx, trachea,...

Respiration and Gaseous Exchange

Respiration and Gaseous Exchange

The intricate interplay between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is crucial for efficiently transporting respiratory gases throughout the body. Let us explore the cardiovascular system's multifaceted functions, emphasizing its pivotal role in gas exchange.
Respiration involves the exchange of gases, especially oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), between the alveoli and body cells, a process facilitated by blood circulation. As a result, the cardiovascular system, which involves the...

Physiology of Respiration II: Neurogenic Control of Respiration

Physiology of Respiration II: Neurogenic Control of Respiration

The neurogenic control of respiration coordinates various neural networks and pathways to regulate breathing rate and depth, meeting the body's oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange requirements. This system adapts to physiological and environmental conditions, ensuring optimal breathing patterns.
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Behavioral, Endocrine, and Neuronal Responses to Odors in Lampreys.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2025

Same author

Olfactory Projections to Locomotor Control Centers in the Sea Lamprey.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024

Same author

The distribution and chemosensory responses of pharyngeal taste buds in the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus.

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology·2024

Same author

Revisiting the two rhythm generators for respiration in lampreys.

Frontiers in neuroanatomy·2024

Same author

Dopamine control of downstream motor centers.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2023

Same author

The mesencephalic locomotor region recruits V2a reticulospinal neurons to drive forward locomotion in larval zebrafish.

Nature neuroscience·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Custom Smartphone Application to Guide Locomotor-Respiratory Coupling in the Field Using Step-Adaptive Breathing Sounds

Custom Smartphone Application to Guide Locomotor-Respiratory Coupling in the Field Using Step-Adaptive Breathing Sounds

Published on: September 27, 2024

The interactions between locomotion and respiration.

Jean-François Gariépy¹, Kianoush Missaghi, Réjean Dubuc

¹Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Département de Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Progress in Brain Research

|November 30, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Respiration adjusts to exercise through chemoreception, central command, and neural feedback mechanisms. Understanding these pathways is key to respiratory control during physical activity.

More Related Videos

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Published on: February 22, 2011

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Published on: April 13, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Custom Smartphone Application to Guide Locomotor-Respiratory Coupling in the Field Using Step-Adaptive Breathing Sounds

Custom Smartphone Application to Guide Locomotor-Respiratory Coupling in the Field Using Step-Adaptive Breathing Sounds

Published on: September 27, 2024

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Published on: February 22, 2011

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Published on: April 13, 2011

Area of Science:

Physiology
Neuroscience
Exercise Science

Background:

Respiration is a vital motor activity that must adapt to metabolic demands.
Exercise significantly alters metabolic rate, necessitating adjustments in breathing patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the underlying physiological mechanisms driving respiratory changes during exercise.
To explore three primary hypotheses explaining exercise-induced respiratory modulation.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing research on respiratory control during exercise.
Analysis of evidence supporting chemoreception, central command, and neural feedback hypotheses.

Main Results:

Chemoreceptors detect metabolic changes, influencing breathing.
Central command from motor areas activates respiratory centers.
Neural feedback from exercising muscles modulates respiratory control.

Conclusions:

Multiple mechanisms, including chemoreception, central command, and neural feedback, contribute to respiratory modulation during exercise.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex interactions and future challenges in respiratory control.