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Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Published on: February 22, 2014

Effector-triggered immunity mediated by the Pto kinase.

Chang-Sik Oh¹, Gregory B Martin

¹Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Trends in Plant Science

|November 30, 2010

Summary

The Pto gene in tomato plants initiates immunity against bacterial speck disease by recognizing pathogen effectors. This review details the genes and pathways involved in Pto-mediated effector-triggered immunity (ETI).

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Area of Science:

Plant pathology
Molecular biology
Genetics

Background:

Pto is the first cloned plant disease-resistance gene.
It confers resistance to bacterial speck disease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).
Pto encodes a protein kinase that recognizes pathogen type III effectors (AvrPto, AvrPtoB).

Purpose of the Study:

To review experimental approaches used to identify genes involved in Pto-mediated immunity.
To discuss characterized proteins in Pto-mediated effector-triggered immunity (ETI).
To present a current model of Pto-mediated ETI.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on loss-of-function studies.
Identification and characterization of genes and proteins.
Analysis of signaling pathways in plant immune responses.

Main Results:

Approximately 25 genes have been identified through loss-of-function studies.
These genes play a role in Pto-mediated ETI.
A comprehensive model of Pto-mediated ETI is presented.

Conclusions:

Pto-mediated ETI involves a complex network of genes and proteins.
Understanding these components enhances knowledge of plant immune signaling.
This review consolidates current understanding and models of Pto-mediated ETI.