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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Ionization Energy03:12

Ionization Energy

The amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from a gaseous atom in its ground state is called its first ionization energy (IE1). The first ionization energy for an element, X, is the energy required to form a cation with 1+ charge:
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator
07:31

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

EDDIX--a database of ionisation double differential cross sections.

J H MacGibbon1, S Emerson, T Liamsuwan

  • 1University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. jmacgibb@unf.edu

Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|November 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A new database, EDDIX, compiles experimental data for double differential cross sections, crucial for biophysical modeling. This resource aids precise 3D and 4D track structure calculations in radiation research.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator
07:31

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Radiation Science

Background:

  • Monte Carlo track structure simulations are vital for biophysical modeling.
  • Accurate modeling requires double differential cross sections for electron ionization.
  • Theoretical models cannot cover the full parameter range for these cross sections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive database of experimental double differential ionization cross sections.
  • To address the limitations of theoretical models in biophysical calculations.
  • To support accurate 3D and 4D track structure modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Compiled over 1200 digitized experimental datasets from the 1960s to the present.
  • Included data for all available ion and target species, from hydrogen to uranium.
  • Fitted experimental data using eight-parameter functions for projectile and target properties, and electron kinematics.

Main Results:

  • Established the Experimental Double Differential Ionisation Cross sections (EDDIX) database.
  • The database covers a wide range of ions, targets, and experimental conditions.
  • Fitted cross sections provide a parameterized representation of experimental data.

Conclusions:

  • The EDDIX database provides essential experimental data for biophysical modeling.
  • It will enhance the accuracy of Monte Carlo track structure simulations.
  • Free distribution will benefit the radiation research community for analytical and numerical modeling.