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Carlos I Pérez Benítez1, Benjamin Vicente, Caron Zlotnick

  • 1The Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior at Brown Medical School. Rhode Island. USA.

Salud Mental (Mexico City, Mexico)
|November 30, 2010
PubMed
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This study found that 4.4% of adults in Chile experienced posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with women being more likely to develop PTSD after trauma exposure. Childhood trauma was linked to specific disorders like panic disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology of mental health disorders.
  • Psychiatry and trauma studies.
  • Cross-cultural mental health research.

Background:

  • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) research has historically focused on developed nations.
  • Epidemiological data on PTSD in developing countries remains understudied.
  • Childhood trauma exposure is increasingly linked to adverse psychiatric outcomes in adulthood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine PTSD prevalence rates and risk factors in a representative Chilean adult sample.
  • To investigate comorbidity patterns and gender differences in PTSD.
  • To compare psychiatric morbidity associated with childhood versus adulthood trauma onset.

Main Methods:

  • A household-stratified sample of 2390 adults (aged 15+) in Chile was interviewed.

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  • Diagnostic Interview Schedule and Composite International Diagnostic Interview modules were used for DSM-III-R diagnoses.
  • Logistic regression analyses were employed to assess associations between PTSD, demographics, and trauma exposure.

    • Main Results:

    • The lifetime prevalence of PTSD in Chile was 4.4% (2.5% men, 6.2% women).
    • Rape was the trauma most strongly associated with PTSD; women were more likely to develop PTSD post-trauma.
    • Any lifetime trauma exposure increased the probability of psychiatric morbidity; childhood-onset trauma was linked to panic disorder.

    Conclusions:

    • PTSD is a significant psychiatric issue in Chile, with notable gender disparities in development post-trauma.
    • Childhood trauma exposure is associated with specific adult psychiatric disorders, independent of trauma load.
    • Findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive PTSD research in non-Western, non-English speaking populations.