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Detection of Fluorescent Nanoparticle Interactions with Primary Immune Cell Subpopulations by Flow Cytometry

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Published on: March 28, 2014

Fluoride ion sensing by an anion-π interaction.

Samit Guha¹, Sourav Saha

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|December 1, 2010

Summary

Researchers discovered a new supramolecular interaction where fluoride ions bind to naphthalene diimide (NDI) receptors. This interaction creates color changes, enabling NDI to act as a highly sensitive colorimetric fluoride sensor.

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Area of Science:

Supramolecular Chemistry
Chemical Sensing
Materials Science

Background:

Fluoride ion detection is crucial in environmental and biological monitoring.
Colorimetric sensors offer a simple and rapid method for ion detection.
Naphthalene diimide (NDI) derivatives are known for their electron-deficient properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To report the discovery of a novel anion-π and charge/electron transfer (CT/ET) supramolecular interaction.
To develop a colorimetric sensor for fluoride ions using NDI receptors.
To enhance the selectivity and sensitivity of NDI-based fluoride sensing.

Main Methods:

Investigated supramolecular interactions between fluoride ions and naphthalene diimide (NDI) receptors.
Utilized charge/electron transfer (CT/ET) mechanisms for sensing.
Synthesized preorganized NDI units using folded linkers for improved sensor performance.
Employed UV-Vis spectroscopy to monitor color changes associated with fluoride binding.

Main Results:

Discovered a unique anion-π and CT/ET interaction between fluoride ions and colorless NDI.
Observed distinct color changes (orange and pink) upon sequential reduction of NDI by fluoride ions.
Demonstrated that preorganized NDI receptors exhibit significantly enhanced selectivity and sensitivity for fluoride ions.
Achieved fluoride detection at nanomolar (nM) concentrations in DMSO/H(2)O solutions.

Conclusions:

NDI receptors can function as effective colorimetric sensors for fluoride ions through ET events.
Preorganization of NDI units dramatically improves sensor performance, enabling sensitive and selective detection.
This work presents a promising approach for developing advanced chemosensors for critical anion detection.