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Portable Paper-Based Immunoassay Combined with Smartphone Application for Colorimetric and Quantitative Detection of Dengue NS1 Antigen
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Detection of dengue virus.

Nagesh K Tripathi1, Ambuj Shrivastava, Paban K Dash

  • 1Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Timely dengue diagnosis is crucial due to rising global cases. Modern methods like recombinant protein assays and RT-PCR offer improved detection of dengue virus (DENV) infections, though virus isolation remains the gold standard.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Global dengue incidence has significantly increased in the last decade.
  • Dengue fever is self-limiting, but severe forms like dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome can be fatal.
  • The absence of specific therapies and vaccines necessitates accurate and timely patient diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current laboratory diagnostic methods for dengue.
  • To highlight advancements in dengue diagnosis, including molecular and serological techniques.
  • To compare the efficacy of novel diagnostic approaches with traditional methods.

Main Methods:

  • Virus isolation for definitive diagnosis.
  • Detection of viral antigens, nucleic acids, and antibodies.

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  • Utilizing recombinant dengue envelope protein for IgG and IgM antibody detection.
  • Employing one-step, single-tube, rapid, multiplex RT-PCR for serotype determination.

    • Main Results:

    • Recombinant dengue envelope protein assays demonstrate higher sensitivity and specificity for detecting dengue-specific IgG or IgM antibodies compared to traditional assays.
    • Molecular methods, such as multiplex RT-PCR, enable rapid serotype determination.
    • Despite advancements, virus isolation is still considered the gold standard for dengue diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate and timely dengue diagnosis is essential for patient management, especially given the lack of specific treatments.
    • Modern diagnostic techniques offer significant improvements in sensitivity, specificity, and speed for detecting dengue virus and its serotypes.
    • Continued validation and integration of advanced diagnostic tools are crucial for combating the growing global burden of dengue.