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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract I: Health History01:28

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract I: Health History

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract is critical to patient care. It allows healthcare professionals to identify and manage various respiratory conditions. The process involves a combination of subjective and objective data collection.
Subjective Data
Subjective data provides vital information about the patient's health history and symptoms. This data is typically collected through interviews in which patients describe their experiences, symptoms, and concerns.
Health history and key...
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract01:29

Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract

The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
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The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract.
Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
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Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
08:47

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Published on: March 3, 2023

Rhinologic evaluation in patients with primary headache.

Zahide Mine Yazici1, Murat Cabalar, Ibrahim Sayin

  • 1Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. minealmaz@yahoo.com

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|December 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rhinologic abnormalities can worsen primary headaches and resist treatment. Surgical correction of these nasal issues significantly reduced headache severity in patients unresponsive to medical management, improving their quality of life.

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
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Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache
05:40

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Headache Medicine

Background:

  • Primary headaches can be refractory to standard neurologic treatment.
  • Intranasal pathologies may contribute to treatment resistance in primary headache disorders.
  • Surgical intervention for rhinologic conditions may reduce medication dependency in some headache patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a combined neurologic and otolaryngologic approach for primary headache management.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of addressing intranasal abnormalities in patients with refractory primary headaches.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving neurologists and otolaryngologists examining primary headache patients.
  • Utilized Migraine Disability Assessment Scale and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain assessment.
  • Included physical examination, nasal endoscopy, sinus CT scans, and mucosal contact point testing.

Main Results:

  • 109 subjects enrolled; 99 completed follow-up. 73 subjects (67%) had rhinologic abnormalities.
  • Patients with no or responsive intranasal pathology improved with medical treatment.
  • Headache severity significantly decreased in patients who underwent surgical correction of rhinologic abnormalities (Group 3a).

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of primary headache patients present with underlying rhinologic abnormalities.
  • Surgical treatment of these rhinologic conditions offers a beneficial effect on headache severity, particularly in cases resistant to medical therapy.