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Related Concept Videos

Plasmodesmata02:32

Plasmodesmata

The organs in a multicellular organism’s body are made up of tissues formed by cells. To work together cohesively, cells must communicate. One way that cells communicate is through direct contact with other cells. The points of contact that connect adjacent cells are called intercellular junctions.Intercellular junctions are a feature of fungal, plant, and animal cells alike. However, different types of junctions are found in different kinds of cells. Intercellular junctions found in animal...
Plasmodesmata01:20

Plasmodesmata

In a multicellular organism, cells must communicate to work together in a coordinated manner. One way that cells communicate is through direct contact with other cells. The points of contact that connect adjacent cells are called intercellular junctions.
Intercellular junctions are a feature of fungal, plant, and animal cells. However, different types of junctions are found in different kinds of cells. Intercellular junctions found in animal cells include tight junctions, gap junctions, and...
Contact-dependent Signaling01:19

Contact-dependent Signaling

Contact-dependent signaling, as the name suggests, requires that communicating cells be in direct contact with each other. This is achieved either through receptor-ligand interactions or by specialized cytoplasmic channels that allow the flow of small molecules between cells. In animal cells, channels called gap junctions facilitate contact-dependent signaling in certain tissues, whereas, plasmodesmata perform a similar function in plants.
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...
The Apoplast and Symplast01:46

The Apoplast and Symplast

Plant growth depends on its ability to take up water and dissolved minerals from the soil. The root system of every plant is equipped with the necessary tissues to facilitate the entry of water and solutes. The plant tissues involved in the transport of water and minerals have two major compartments - the apoplast and the symplast. The apoplast includes everything outside the plasma membrane of living cells and consists of cell walls, extracellular spaces, xylem, phloem, and tracheids. The...
Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria

Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a virus that...

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A Cell-to-cell Macromolecular Transport Assay in Planta Utilizing Biolistic Bombardment
07:14

A Cell-to-cell Macromolecular Transport Assay in Planta Utilizing Biolistic Bombardment

Published on: August 27, 2010

Cellular pathways for viral transport through plasmodesmata.

Annette Niehl1, Manfred Heinlein

  • 1Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084, Strasbourg, France.

Protoplasma
|December 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant viruses spread through plasmodesmata (PD) using various mechanisms. Viral movement proteins and encoded factors coordinate to modify these pores for infection spread.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant virology
  • Cell biology
  • Molecular plant pathology

Background:

  • Plant viruses rely on plasmodesmata (PD) for cell-to-cell and systemic spread.
  • Viral movement mechanisms vary significantly between different virus species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which plant viruses utilize plasmodesmata (PD) for intercellular transport.
  • To understand the roles of viral movement proteins and other virus-encoded factors in regulating PD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of viral movement strategies.
  • Investigation of viral protein interactions with PD.
  • Study of virus-encoded factors influencing PD modification.

Main Results:

  • Plant viruses employ diverse strategies for movement through PD, including virion and non-virion forms.
  • Specific viral movement proteins and other virus-encoded factors are crucial for targeting and modifying PD.
  • Coordinated interactions among viral factors and with plant cellular components facilitate regulated virus movement.

Conclusions:

  • Viral exploitation of PD is a complex, regulated process involving multiple virus-encoded components.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key to controlling plant virus infections.