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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2015

MicroRNA expression profiling in human Barrett's carcinogenesis.

Matteo Fassan¹, Stefano Volinia, Jeff Palatini

¹Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences and Special Therapies, Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova (PD), Italy.

International Journal of Cancer

|December 4, 2010

Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key in Barrett's esophagus (BE) progression. A specific miRNA signature, involving altered expression of 13 miRNAs, was identified in Barrett's mucosa and associated cancers.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Molecular Biology
Oncology

Background:

Barrett's esophagus (BE) involves esophageal lining changes, increasing esophageal adenocarcinoma (BAc) risk.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression and are dysregulated in BE.
Understanding miRNA involvement is crucial for BE carcinogenesis research.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify a specific miRNA expression signature characterizing the development and progression of Barrett's mucosa (BM).
To investigate the role of specific miRNAs in Barrett's carcinogenesis.
To discover potential molecular markers for cancer progression in BE.

Main Methods:

miRNA microarray analysis comparing native esophageal mucosa with BE lesions (BM, neoplasia, BAc).
Validation using quantitative real-time PCR and in situ hybridization on biopsy and esophagectomy samples.
Analysis of target gene expression via Oncomine database and immunohistochemistry.

Main Results:

A distinct miRNA signature for Barrett's carcinogenesis was identified, with 6 miRNAs upregulated and 7 downregulated.
Significant correlation found between miRNA dysregulation and target gene expression.
Specific miRNAs are directly implicated in the progression of BE to cancer.

Conclusions:

miRNA profiling provides significant insights into the molecular mechanisms of Barrett's carcinogenesis.
The identified miRNA signature can serve as molecular markers for BE progression and cancer development.
This research expands knowledge on the molecular landscape of BE and its malignant transformation.