Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion as an Adequate Preconditioning Stimulus to Induce Early Ischemic Tolerance to Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Published on: May 9, 2013
Michael D Goodman1, Sheryl E Koch, Muhammad R Afzal
1Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) deletion in the heart impairs ischemic preconditioning effectiveness. Alternative STAT subtypes (STAT-5 and -6) do not compensate for STAT-3 loss in protecting against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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