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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
Case Studies01:22

Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.
Problem-Solving01:29

Problem-Solving

Effective problem-solving consists of two steps: 1. identifying the problem and 2. selecting the appropriate problem-solving strategy (i.e., a plan of action used to find a solution). Humans use four problem-solving strategies:
Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a bonus...
Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving01:13

Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving

The principle of virtual work is an essential concept in the field of mechanics and engineering. This is used to solve problems related to the equilibrium of a structure or system. It is based on the assumption that if a system is in equilibrium, the work done by all the forces during a virtual displacement is zero. This principle is applied by considering virtual displacements of the system and the corresponding work done by internal and external forces.
To apply the principle of virtual work,...
Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Project-Based Learning Guidelines for Health Sciences Students: An Analysis with Data Mining and Qualitative Techniques
13:44

Project-Based Learning Guidelines for Health Sciences Students: An Analysis with Data Mining and Qualitative Techniques

Published on: December 9, 2022

Experiences of problem-based learning in the UK.

Jean McKendree1

  • 1Hull York Medical School, Heslington, York, UK. jean.mckendree@hyms.ac.uk

The Clinical Teacher
|December 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Problem-based learning (PBL) works well when implemented effectively with strong leadership support and dedicated tutors. Poor implementation or cultural issues, not PBL itself, often cause difficulties in UK medical, dental, and veterinary schools.

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Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Project-Based Learning Guidelines for Health Sciences Students: An Analysis with Data Mining and Qualitative Techniques
13:44

Project-Based Learning Guidelines for Health Sciences Students: An Analysis with Data Mining and Qualitative Techniques

Published on: December 9, 2022

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Curriculum Development

Background:

  • Problem-based learning (PBL) has been utilized in UK medical schools since 1993, with approximately 12 institutions currently offering PBL programs.
  • A workshop convened representatives from 10 UK medical schools, one dental school, and one veterinary school to discuss their experiences with PBL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the collective experiences, including challenges and successes, of implementing PBL curricula in various UK health professions schools.
  • To differentiate between inherent issues with PBL and problems arising from poor implementation or institutional culture.

Main Methods:

  • Representatives shared their experiences, outlining the strengths and weaknesses of their respective PBL programs.
  • Information and resources from diverse approaches were combined to identify factors contributing to successful PBL implementation.

Main Results:

  • Strong senior leadership support is crucial for successful PBL implementation.
  • Effective PBL requires tutors who are committed to the role, integrated into faculty, and provided with ongoing development and induction.
  • Addressing implementation and cultural issues is key, rather than blaming PBL itself when programs face difficulties.

Conclusions:

  • Problem-based learning, when implemented well, is a successful educational approach.
  • Key factors for success include dedicated leadership, enthusiastic and well-supported tutors, and a positive institutional culture.
  • Conversely, poorly implemented PBL should not be pursued.