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Development and Content Validation of Entrustable Professional Activities for Community Pharmacy Practice Experiences
Luciana Flavia de Almeida Romani1, Marina Guimaraes Lima2
1Post Graduation Programme in Medicines and Pharmaceutical Services, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
The Clinical Teacher
|August 10, 2026
Summary
This study developed and validated Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for Brazilian community pharmacy practice, resulting in three core EPAs to standardize education and assessment.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Education
- Professional Competency Assessment
- Health Professions Education
Background:
- Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) are increasingly adopted in pharmacy practice, but pre-implementation development and validation studies are lacking.
- This study addresses the need for context-specific EPAs in community pharmacy practice experiences in Brazil.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate the content of EPAs for community pharmacy practice experiences in Brazil.
- To establish a framework for standardizing pharmacy education and competency assessment.
Main Methods:
- A multi-stage approach based on established EPA development frameworks was used.
- Expert content validation was performed using a Portuguese adaptation of the Queen's EPA Quality-EQual tool.
- Brazilian national competencies were mapped to US EPAs, followed by linguistic and contextual adaptation.
Main Results:
- Initial validation of 11 EPAs showed only two met all quality criteria.
- After adjustments, a second round of expert review resulted in a final list of three required EPAs.
- The final EPAs surpassed the established quality cut-offs of the EQual rubric.
Conclusions:
- This research presents a validated set of EPAs for Brazilian community pharmacy practice, the first of its kind.
- The proposed EPAs offer a framework to standardize teaching, guide preceptor training, and reliably assess student competency.
- This initiative supports the advancement of pharmacy education and practice in Brazil.