[Clinical study of open vertebroplasty in treating thoracolumbar metastatic tumor]

To explore the clinical application and therapeutic effect of open vertebroplasty for thoracolumbar metastatic tumor.

From September 2003 to December 2009, 21 patients with thoracolumbar metastatic tumor underwent the surgical procedure of posterior spinal cord decompression and open vertebroplasty combined with short-segmental pedicle screw fixation during the same intervention. There were 14 males and 7 females, ranging in age from 48 to 73 years with the mean of 59.5 years and ranging in course of disease from 1 to 4 months with an average of 2.5 months. The primary focus of the tumor of 19 cases were established, lung carcinoma was in 8 cases, breast cancer in 4 cases, prostate carcinoma in 4 cases, hepatocarcinoma in 2 cases and thyroid carcinoma in 1 case. The primary focus of 2 cases could not be established. The spinal function according to Frankel grade, grade B was in 4 cases, C in 6, D in 5, E in 6. The lumbar-back pain, height of anterior and posterior vertebral body, Cobb angle and spinal function were recorded before and after operation.

The operation of all patients was successful, there were no severe complications and aggravation of spinal function. The VAS score of lumbar-back pain decreased from 8.78 +/- 0.45 preoperatively to 2.25 +/- 0.36 postoperatively. Among 16 cases combined with pathological fracture, the height of anterior spinal vertebral body increased from (12.7 +/- 2.1) mm preoperatively to (19.5 +/- 3.9) mm postoperatively; the height of posterior spinal vertebral body increased from (14.1 +/- 1.8) mm preoperatively to (20.3 +/- 2.3) mm postoperatively; Cobb angle decreased from (26.0 +/- 8.9) degrees preoperatively to (6.0 +/- 0.9) degrees postoperatively. There was significant difference above items between before and after operation (P < 0.05). The spinal function according to Frankel grade at final follow up, grade C was in 2 cases, D in 4, E in 15. All patients were followed up from 5 to 28 months with an average of 14 months, there was no loosening and breakage of internal fixity, 15 cases died during follow-up period.

The surgical intervention can effectively preserve spinal instability and alleviate the spinal cord symptoms, improve the life quality of patients. It may provide an alternative treatment for patients in poor general health and shorter life expectancy.