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Leipzig Affective Norms for German: a reliability study.

Philipp Kanske¹, Sonja A Kotz

¹Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany. philipp.kanske@zi-mannheim.de

Behavior Research Methods

|December 9, 2010

Summary

We created the Leipzig Affective Norms for German (LANG), a reliable database of 1,000 German words rated for emotional valence and arousal. This resource aids research in verbal emotional processing.

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Area of Science:

Psycholinguistics
Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience

Background:

Accurate affective norms are crucial for studying verbal emotional processing.
Previous word norm databases have limitations in scope and reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce the Leipzig Affective Norms for German (LANG), a new database of 1,000 German nouns.
To provide reliable ratings for emotional valence, arousal, and concreteness.
To facilitate controlled research in verbal emotional processing.

Main Methods:

Collected affective ratings (valence, arousal, concreteness) for 1,000 German nouns.
Assessed test-retest reliability with a 2-year interval.
Evaluated inter-sample reliability using a second independent sample.

Main Results:

Established the typical quadratic relationship between valence and arousal.
Demonstrated very high test-retest reliability (r > .95).
Showed high inter-sample reliability (r > .85).

Conclusions:

The LANG database offers a comprehensive and reliable set of affective norms for German words.
The high reliability and broad range of ratings enable the selection of controlled word subsamples.
LANG supports precise investigations into verbal emotional processing and related cognitive functions.