Structural characterization of micelles formed of cholesteryl-functionalized cyclodextrins

Amphiphilic cholesteryl 2,6-di-O-methyl-β-cyclodextrins (chol-DIMEB) can self-aggregate into spherical micelles of noteworthy potential for drug delivery. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of chol-DIMEB micelles consisting of 3-24 monomers have been performed in aqueous solution. chol-DIMEB exhibits a pronounced tendency to self-assemble into core-shell structures. van der Waals interactions within the cholesteryl nucleus constitute the main driving force responsible for the formation of the micelle. The calculated radii of the hydrophobic core and of the hydrophilic shell for the micellar structure formed by 24 monomers agree well with the experiment. The cyclodextrin moieties are found to be exposed toward the aqueous medium and possess the appropriate flexibility to capture drugs in an effective fashion. Analysis of the solvent accessible surface area and hydration number indicates that the micelles are highly hydrosoluble species and can, therefore, enhance significantly the aqueous solubility of lipophilic drugs. In addition, the spatial structure of the micelles is suggestive of multiple potential drug binding sites. The present contribution unveils how micelles endowed with specific characteristics can form, while opening exciting perspectives for the design of novel micellar nanoparticles envisioned to be drug carriers of high potential.