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Harmful algal bloom species and phosphate-processing effluent: field and laboratory studies
Matthew Garrett1, Jennifer Wolny, Earnest Truby
1Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, 100 8th Avenue SE, Saint Petersburg, FL 33701, USA. matt.garrett@myfwc.com
Marine Pollution Bulletin
|December 15, 2010
Summary
Phosphate-processing effluent in Bishop Harbor did not fuel toxic Karenia brevis blooms, but harmed its growth. Other harmful algal bloom species, however, thrived near the discharge, indicating varied responses to nutrient pollution.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Marine Biology
- Ecotoxicology
Background:
- Florida's phosphate-processing industry discharges effluent into Bishop Harbor, Tampa Bay.
- Concerns exist regarding nutrient enrichment from effluent potentially causing harmful algal blooms (HABs).
- Karenia brevis is a toxic dinoflagellate of significant ecological and economic concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of phosphate-processing effluent on algal bloom dynamics in Bishop Harbor.
- To assess the response of Karenia brevis and other HAB species to effluent exposure.
- To determine if effluent acts as a nutrient source for HABs.
Main Methods:
- Field monitoring of Bishop Harbor to observe algal populations and effluent proximity.
- Laboratory bioassays using effluent as a nutrient source for Karenia brevis.
- Analysis of cell concentrations, growth rates, and time to log-phase growth.
Main Results:
- Prorocentrum minimum and Heterosigma akashiwo bloomed near the discharge site; diatoms were widespread.
- Karenia brevis cell concentrations decreased closer to the effluent discharge.
- Effluent exposure in bioassays decreased Karenia brevis cell yields and increased growth time.
Conclusions:
- Phosphate-processing effluent appears to inhibit Karenia brevis growth.
- Different HAB species exhibit varied responses to phosphate-processing effluent.
- Nutrient pollution from industrial discharge can have complex and species-specific effects on marine ecosystems.
