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Auditory dysfunction caused by multiple sclerosis: detection with MR imaging.

J K Curé1, L D Cromwell, J L Case

  • 1Department of Radiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, NH 03756.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|July 1, 1990
PubMed
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reveal multiple brain lesions in patients with hearing loss or tinnitus. Whole-brain T2-weighted MRI is recommended to identify potential causes, including multiple sclerosis.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Hearing loss and tinnitus are common symptoms that can be associated with various neurological conditions.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a key diagnostic tool for evaluating the auditory pathways and brain parenchyma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of MRI in identifying the cause of hearing loss and tinnitus.
  • To determine if T2-weighted whole-brain MRI can reveal abnormalities not visible with standard imaging protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 167 patients with hearing loss and/or tinnitus undergoing MRI over a 3-year period.
  • Analysis of MRI findings, focusing on T2-weighted images for parenchymal high-signal foci and T1-weighted images of the internal auditory canals and cerebellopontine angles.

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Main Results:

  • 14 out of 167 patients (8.4%) had multiple parenchymal high-signal foci on T2-weighted images as the sole MRI abnormality.
  • Nine of these 14 patients had clinical evidence of multiple sclerosis; five did not.
  • Specific lesions in the auditory pathways were identified in only five cases, suggesting higher-level brain abnormalities may be responsible.

Conclusions:

  • T2-weighted whole-brain MRI is valuable for patients with hearing loss and tinnitus, potentially revealing multiple sclerosis or other white matter lesions.
  • Standard MRI protocols focusing only on the internal auditory canals may miss crucial findings in the brain parenchyma.
  • Comprehensive MRI evaluation, including whole-brain T2-weighted sequences, can aid in diagnosing the underlying cause of auditory symptoms.