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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients
Published on: March 29, 2022
Causes of abnormal refractive errors in children
Background And Purpose:
Refractive errors that deviate from the expected are unusual in children. This paper sought to identify systemic, orbital, and ocular causes of some of these abnormal refractive errors.
Methods:
Causes of abnormal refractive errors are divided into external/orbital, anterior ocular, and posterior ocular. The mechanism of the induced refractive error is identified.
Results:
Abnormal refractive errors occur in association with compression of the globe or cornea, visual deprivation, changes in the cornea or lens, and/or genetic factors.
Conclusions:
Recognition of the relationships between refractive errors and systemic, orbital, and ocular disorders helps in understanding why excessive refractive errors develop, in making the correct diagnosis, and in counseling parents.
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