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Area of Science:

Atmospheric Optics
Light Scattering
Remote Sensing

Background:

Lidar measurements commonly assume no multiple scattering and spherical particles.
These assumptions are often violated in real-world atmospheric conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate multiply-scattered lidar returns from nonspherical particles.
Quantify the impact of particle shape on backscattered signal intensity and depolarization.

Main Methods:

Utilized T(2) Chebyshev particles and reviewed their single-scattering properties.
Employed a Monte Carlo procedure to simulate backscattered signals for various fields of view.
Compared results with scattering from equivalent spheres and validated with double scattering analytical formulas.

Main Results:

Demonstrated significant variability in multiply-scattered signal intensity due to particle deformation.
Observed striking effects on depolarization, particularly at moderate optical depths.
Confirmed sensitivity of depolarization to minor deviations from sphericity, even with random particle orientation.

Conclusions:

Particle non-sphericity strongly influences lidar signal intensity and depolarization.
Standard lidar assumptions may lead to inaccuracies when dealing with nonspherical particles.
Accurate lidar interpretation requires considering particle shape effects in multiple scattering scenarios.