Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dyadic coregulation of everyday prospective memory: the role of physical and psychological closeness in romantic couples across adulthood.

Memory (Hove, England)·2026
Same author

Passive digital health technologies for Alzheimer's disease screening and diagnosis: a systematic review.

NPJ digital medicine·2026
Same author

The functional neuroanatomy of event-based and time-based prospective memory, and its improvement.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Get the unbalance right: asymmetric transfer effects in cognitive offloading.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2026
Same author

Digital biomarkers for brain health: passive and continuous assessment from wearable sensors.

NPJ digital medicine·2026
Same author

Longitudinal Associations between Personality Traits and Cognitive Complaints in Midlife and Older Age Across 20 Years.

European journal of personality·2026
Same journal

Demographic and injury-related moderators of memory and achievement outcome in pediatric TBI.

Applied neuropsychology·2011
Same journal

Validation of WAIS-III four-subtest short forms in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Applied neuropsychology·2011
Same journal

Sensitivity of the test of memory malingering and the Nonverbal Medical Symptom Validity Test: a replication study.

Applied neuropsychology·2011
Same journal

An investigation of impaired scores on the frontal assessment battery in a VA population.

Applied neuropsychology·2011
Same journal

Characteristic of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease: a 1-year follow-up.

Applied neuropsychology·2011
Same journal

Rehearsal significantly improves immediate and delayed recall on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test.

Applied neuropsychology·2011
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats
08:06

Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats

Published on: June 18, 2018

Components of executive functioning in metamemory.

Timo Mäntylä1, Michael Rönnlund, Matthias Kliegel

  • 1Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Sweden. timo.mantyla@psy.umu.se

Applied Neuropsychology
|December 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metamemory, or memory awareness, is linked to executive functions like mental flexibility. Set shifting, a key executive function, influences how we perceive our own memory abilities.

More Related Videos

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion
15:57

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion

Published on: May 4, 2011

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory
08:16

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory

Published on: May 11, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats
08:06

Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats

Published on: June 18, 2018

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion
15:57

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion

Published on: May 4, 2011

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory
08:16

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory

Published on: May 11, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Metamemory, the awareness of one's own memory, is crucial for effective learning and memory self-regulation.
  • Executive functions, including set shifting, working memory updating, and response inhibition, are fundamental cognitive processes.
  • Understanding the relationship between metamemory and executive functions across different age groups is vital for cognitive health research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between metamemory and three core executive functions: set shifting, working memory updating, and response inhibition.
  • To examine how these relationships differ between young and middle-aged adults.
  • To determine the predictive validity of self-reported memory problems and their association with objective memory performance and executive functions.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted with young and middle-aged adults.
  • Participants completed tasks measuring set shifting, working memory updating, and response inhibition, alongside the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ).
  • Objective memory performance was assessed using source recall and face recognition tasks in Experiment 1.

Main Results:

  • Executive functioning data consistently formed two factors: one for updating/inhibition and another for shifting.
  • Self-reported memory problems had low predictive validity.
  • Set shifting was associated with metamemory (PRMQ), while objective memory (source recall) was linked to updating and inhibition.

Conclusions:

  • Metamemorial judgments are selectively influenced by executive functioning components.
  • Individual differences in mental flexibility (set shifting) significantly contribute to an individual's self-beliefs about their memory efficacy.
  • Cognitive interventions targeting executive functions may enhance metamemory and self-perceived memory performance.