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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

Complement in atherosclerosis: friend or foe?

W S Speidl1, S P Kastl, K Huber

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH
|December 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system

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Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas
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Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas
15:15

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas

Published on: July 1, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Inflammation Biology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease.
  • The complement system is crucial for innate immunity and is activated in atherosclerotic plaques.
  • The precise role of complement in atherogenesis remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence of complement activation in atherosclerotic plaques.
  • To discuss the dual role of complement in atherogenesis based on experimental models.
  • To summarize complement components as potential biomarkers for cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on complement activation in atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of data from experimental animal models of atherosclerosis.
  • Synthesis of findings regarding complement's role and biomarker potential.

Main Results:

  • Evidence confirms complement activation within atherosclerotic plaques.
  • The complement system exhibits a dual role: potentially protective via classic/lectin pathways and proatherogenic via the alternative pathway.
  • Anaphylatoxins and terminal complement complex formation may promote plaque destabilization and cardiovascular events.

Conclusions:

  • Complement activation is a key feature of atherosclerotic plaques.
  • Complement's role in atherogenesis is complex, with both protective and detrimental effects.
  • Complement components show promise as biomarkers for cardiovascular disease risk and progression.