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Related Concept Videos

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...

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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

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Published on: September 20, 2018

Intergenic transcription causes repression by directing nucleosome assembly.

Sarah J Hainer1, Justin A Pruneski, Rachel D Mitchell

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.

Genes & Development
|December 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Transcription of noncoding DNA (ncDNA) regulates gene expression. SRG1 ncDNA transcription represses SER3 gene expression by increasing nucleosome occupancy, a process dependent on transcription elongation factors.

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

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Published on: March 29, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Yeast Biology

Background:

  • Non-protein-coding DNA (ncDNA) transcription and its noncoding RNA (ncRNA) products are increasingly recognized as critical regulators of gene expression.
  • A previously identified regulatory system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves the transcription of intergenic ncDNA (SRG1) repressing an adjacent protein-coding gene (SER3) via transcription interference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism by which SRG1 transcription represses SER3 gene expression.
  • To investigate the role of transcription elongation factors Spt6 and Spt16 in this regulatory process.
  • To determine whether nucleosome levels or transcription levels are the primary drivers of SER3 repression.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of nucleosome occupancy over the SRG1 and SER3 loci.
  • Assessment of SRG1 transcription levels in wild-type and mutant yeast strains.
  • Investigation of transcription factor binding to the SER3 promoter in the presence and absence of functional Spt6 and Spt16.

Main Results:

  • SRG1 transcription leads to increased nucleosome levels that overlap the SER3 promoter, causing repression of SER3 transcription.
  • Mutations in the transcription elongation factors Spt6 and Spt16 reduce nucleosome levels at the SER3 promoter without affecting SRG1 transcription levels.
  • Spt6 and Spt16 mutations permit transcription factor access to the SER3 promoter.

Conclusions:

  • The repression of SER3 by SRG1 transcription is mediated by nucleosome positioning, not solely by the presence of SRG1 transcripts.
  • Transcription elongation factors Spt6 and Spt16 play a crucial role in establishing the repressive nucleosome landscape.
  • ncDNA transcription may influence genome-wide nucleosome positioning, potentially affecting protein-DNA interactions and gene regulation.