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Validation of the Pascual Graphomotor Test in Cuban school children
N Garófalo Gómez1, A Goicoechea Astencio, A M Gómez García
1Servicio de Neurología Pediátrica, Instituto de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Havana, Cuba. nicogaro@infomed.sld.cu
Introduction:
The ability to draw is a complex perception and cognition function, which is acquired in infancy and is not usually investigated in the neuropaediatric clinic.
Objective:
To validate the Pascual graphomotor test (PGT) in 5 to 11 year-old Cuban school children.
Patients And Methods:
The PGT was performed on a total of 172 children from the city of Havana Círculo Infantil del Municipio Plaza nursery school and from the 1st to 5th year of a primary school in the same area. The sample was systematic. The test was repeated the following day. All the drawings were scored blind by a neurologist and neurology resident.
Results:
For the validation of the test the differentiation with age and school year was taken as a validation criterion. A high correlation was obtained between the ages of the children and the scores obtained. The Spearman coefficient was -0.78 (P=0.01), and a there was a similar inverse correlation between the school year and the test scores (Spearman coefficient=-0.79, P=0.01). The test was very reliable, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.99 for inter-observer agreement and 0.97 for the test-retest.
Conclusions:
The test was valid according to the criterion employed, differentiation with age and school year. The PGT demonstrated good temporal and inter-observer stability. We believe that it is a very useful tool in the neurological examination of Cuban school children.
