Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
Spontaneous and Induced Mutations01:30

Spontaneous and Induced Mutations

Spontaneous mutations arise infrequently during DNA replication due to errors in the process. A key factor behind these errors is tautomeric shifts in nitrogenous bases, where bases transition from keto to enol forms or amino to imino forms. This shift can alter base-pairing rules, leading to mutations. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising from aerobic metabolism can damage DNA, resulting in depurination (loss of a purine base) or depyrimidination (loss of a pyrimidine base).

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Inclusion of a recovery period after pulse treatment in the primary human lymphocyte micronucleus assay covers potential cell cycle delays without loss of sensitivity.

Mutagenesis·2026
Same author

Flow Cytometric Determination of Micronucleus Frequency.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2025
Same author

Aneuploidy in exfoliated buccal cells: mechanisms, methods, and future perspectives.

Mutagenesis·2025
Same author

The intracellular and extracellular fate of DNA and chromatin from micronuclei determines their pathogenicity.

Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research·2025
Same author

SACF and GILA assays on AML12 cells show limited predictive value for mouse liver genotoxicity.

Toxicology and applied pharmacology·2025
Same author

Critical Evaluation of Methods for the Identification of Aneugens.

Environmental and molecular mutagenesis·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure
08:25

Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure

Published on: June 5, 2020

Potential thresholds for genotoxic effects by micronucleus scoring.

Azeddine Elhajouji1, Magdalena Lukamowicz, Zoryana Cammerer

  • 1Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Translational Sciences, Preclinical Safety, Genetic Toxicology and Safety Pharmacology, Klybeckstrasse 141, CH-4057 Basel, Switzerland. azeddine.elhajouji@novartis.com

Mutagenesis
|December 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The micronucleus (MN) test aids genotoxicity assessment. While thresholds for aneuploidy are accepted, clastogen thresholds require case-by-case mechanistic evaluation.

More Related Videos

An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
12:56

An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: May 13, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure
08:25

Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure

Published on: June 5, 2020

An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
12:56

An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: May 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The concept of genotoxicity thresholds remains debated.
  • The micronucleus (MN) test is crucial for understanding dose-response relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review achievements in assessing genotoxicity thresholds using the MN test.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and provide recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on genotoxicity and the MN test.
  • Analysis of dose-response data for aneugens and clastogens.
  • Evaluation of mechanistic data for clastogen threshold assessment.

Main Results:

  • The MN test has significantly advanced the understanding of genotoxicity.
  • Thresholds for aneuploidy are mechanistically supported and widely accepted.
  • Thresholds for clastogens remain challenging, requiring detailed mechanistic insights.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate clastogen thresholds.
  • A case-by-case mechanistic approach is essential for clastogen assessment.
  • Standardized guidelines may benefit from updated mechanistic understanding.