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Extraskeletal effects of vitamin D: facts, uncertainties, and controversies
Béatrice Bouvard1, Cédric Annweiler, Agnès Sallé
1Service de rhumatologie, CHU d'Angers, université d'Angers, UNAM, 49933 Angers, France.
Abstract:
Vitamin D was long viewed as a hormone acting chiefly to regulate calcium-phosphate metabolism and bone mineralization. Over the last decade, however, basic science and clinical researchers have produced a bewildering amount of information on the extraskeletal effects of vitamin D. This article is a review of the clinical and biological actions of vitamin D including effects on the immune system, auto-immune diseases, infections, cancer, metabolic syndrome, fall risk, cognitive function, and muscle function.
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