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Development of the Edmonson Psychiatric Fall Risk Assessment Tool.

Deborah Edmonson1, Sherry Robinson, Larry Hughes

  • 1Adult Psychiatric Services, Memorial Medical Center, Springfield, IL 62781, USA. edmonson.deborah@mhsil.com

Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
|December 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study developed the Edmonson Psychiatric Fall Risk Assessment Tool (EPFRAT) for psychiatric patients. The EPFRAT shows higher sensitivity and specificity for fall risk assessment in this population compared to the Morse Fall Scale.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatric Nursing
  • Patient Safety
  • Clinical Assessment Tools

Background:

  • Falls are a significant risk for inpatient psychiatric patients, leading to injury and prolonged hospitalization.
  • Existing fall risk assessment tools may not adequately capture the unique needs of the psychiatric population.
  • Developing a specialized instrument is crucial for improving patient safety in psychiatric settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel fall risk assessment instrument tailored for inpatient psychiatric settings.
  • To identify key risk factors specific to psychiatric patients that contribute to falls.
  • To compare the performance of the new instrument against established scales.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review identified nine potential fall risk factors.

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  • The developed instrument, the Edmonson Psychiatric Fall Risk Assessment Tool (EPFRAT), was applied retrospectively to patient records.
  • The EPFRAT was administered concurrently with the Morse Fall Scale to current inpatient psychiatric patients.
  • Psychometric properties including sensitivity and specificity were calculated for both tools.
  • Main Results:

    • The Edmonson Psychiatric Fall Risk Assessment Tool (EPFRAT) demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.63 and specificity of 0.86.
    • The Morse Fall Scale showed a sensitivity of 0.49 and specificity of 0.85.
    • The EPFRAT exhibited superior sensitivity in identifying fall risks among acutely ill psychiatric patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Initial psychometric testing suggests the Edmonson Psychiatric Fall Risk Assessment Tool (EPFRAT) is a more sensitive measure for fall risk in acutely ill psychiatric patients.
    • The EPFRAT may offer improved accuracy in fall risk assessment for this vulnerable population.
    • Further reliability and validity testing are recommended to fully establish the EPFRAT's clinical utility.