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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Air-sampled Filter Analysis for Endotoxins and DNA Content

Air-sampled Filter Analysis for Endotoxins and DNA Content

Published on: March 7, 2016

Exposure to dust and endotoxin in textile processing workers.

Priyamvada Paudyal¹, Sean Semple, Robert Niven

¹Scottish Centre for Indoor Air, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene

|December 24, 2010

Summary

Workers in Nepal's textile industry face high endotoxin exposure, exceeding health limits across all sectors. While dust levels are often low, the recycling sector shows high dust concentrations, indicating a need for improved hygiene controls.

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Published on: May 16, 2016

Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Environmental Science
Industrial Hygiene

Background:

Cotton dust inhalation is linked to respiratory issues due to endotoxin exposure.
Textile industry workers in Nepal are at risk.
This study assesses inhalable dust and endotoxin exposure in Nepalese textile workers.

Purpose of the Study:

To measure personal exposure to inhalable dust and endotoxin in Nepal's textile industry.
To compare exposure levels with established workplace exposure limits and guidance values.
To identify sectors with the highest exposures and potential risks.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in four textile sectors in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Personal exposure to inhalable dust and airborne endotoxin was measured over a full shift for 114 workers.
Data analysis included geometric means and correlation between dust and endotoxin levels.

Main Results:

Inhalable dust levels were generally below the UK Workplace Exposure Limit (WEL), except in the recycling sector.
Endotoxin exposures (GM = 2160 EU m(-3)) significantly exceeded the Dutch guidance value (90 EU m(-3)) in all sectors.
The recycling and weaving sectors showed the highest endotoxin exposures, with a significant correlation between dust and endotoxin levels.

Conclusions:

While most sectors had dust levels below the UK WEL, the recycling sector requires better hygiene controls.
Airborne endotoxin concentrations in all textile sectors exceed health-based guidance limits.
High endotoxin exposure poses a potential risk for respiratory health effects among Nepalese textile workers.