Programmed two-dimensional self-assembly of multiple DNA origami jigsaw pieces

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Biotechnology
• Materials Science

Background:

• Origami structures offer precise nanoscale fabrication but scaling them in 2D remains challenging.
• DNA self-assembly provides a programmable route for constructing complex nanoscale architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a scalable self-assembly strategy for creating 2D origami structures using DNA.
• To demonstrate the precise assembly of custom-designed DNA 'jigsaw pieces' into larger 2D arrays.
• To explore the potential for displaying nanoscale information and integrating functional molecules.

Main Methods:

• Design and preparation of nine unique, custom-shaped "2D DNA jigsaw pieces".
• Utilizing sequence-programmed tenon-mortise connections (π-stacking, sequence/shape complementarity) for horizontal assembly.
• Employing edge shape and overhang sequence complementarity for vertical assembly.
• Stepwise self-assembly of trimer units to achieve a 3x3 2D array.

Main Results:

• Successful proof-of-concept for 2D self-assembly using four different methods.
• Achieved a target 3x3 2D assembly with approximately 35% yield via stepwise assembly of vertical trimers.
• Demonstrated nanoscale display of the text "DNA JIG SAW" by decorating jigsaw pieces with hairpin DNAs.

Conclusions:

• The developed "2D DNA jigsaw" strategy enables scalable self-assembly of complex origami structures in 2D space.
• This method offers a versatile platform for creating nanoscale modules with potential for displaying information and carrying functional molecules for diverse applications.