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Related Concept Videos

Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
Meiosis II02:02

Meiosis II

Meiosis II entails cell division and segregation of the sister chromatids, resulting in the production of four unique haploid gametes. The steps for meiosis II are similar to mitosis, except that meiosis II occurs in haploid cells, whereas mitosis occurs in diploid cells.
The timing and cell division patterns of meiosis differ between males and females. In male meiosis, the centrosomes are part of the formation of the meiotic spindle. However, in oocytes, including that of humans, Drosophila,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze
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An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

Published on: July 29, 2025

The anaphase promoting complex is required for memory function in mice.

Tanja Kuczera1, Roman Manuel Stilling, Hung-En Hsia

  • 1Laboratory for Aging and Cognitive Diseases, European Neuroscience Institute, Göttingen D-37077, Germany.

Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)
|December 31, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is vital for learning and memory. Genetic deletion of its subunit APC2 in adult forebrain neurons impairs fear memory extinction, highlighting APC/C

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Regulated protein degradation, particularly via the proteasome, is crucial for neuronal plasticity and learning.
  • The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, targets proteins for proteasomal degradation and is expressed in postmitotic neurons.
  • While essential for cell cycle, APC/C's role in adult neuronal function, including learning and memory, is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) in learning and memory.
  • To determine if APC/C activity in adult forebrain excitatory neurons is necessary for cognitive functions.
  • To assess the impact of APC/C dysfunction on neurodegenerative disease models.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of mice with conditional knockout of the essential APC/C subunit APC2 in adult forebrain excitatory neurons.
  • Behavioral analysis of fear memory extinction in mutant mice.
  • Evaluation of APC2 deletion effects in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Main Results:

  • Mice lacking APC2 in adult forebrain excitatory neurons exhibited severe impairment in fear memory extinction.
  • The loss of APC2 in principal forebrain neurons did not influence the progression of pathology in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model.
  • These findings indicate APC/C activity is essential for cognitive functions in the adult brain.

Conclusions:

  • APC/C activity within the adult forebrain is genetically demonstrated to be required for cognitive function, specifically fear memory extinction.
  • The study provides evidence for APC/C's role in neuronal plasticity relevant to learning and memory.
  • APC/C dysfunction in forebrain neurons does not appear to exacerbate Alzheimer's disease pathology in the tested model.