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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Rat Model of EcoHIV Brain Infection
Published on: January 21, 2021
Pathogenesis of HIV in the central nervous system
Victor Valcour1, Pasiri Sithinamsuwan, Scott Letendre
1Memory and Aging Center, University of California - San Francisco, 94143-1207, USA. Vvalcour@memory.ucsf.edu
Abstract:
HIV can infect the brain and impair central nervous system (CNS) function. Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has not eradicated CNS complications. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain common despite cART, although attenuated in severity. This may result from a combination of factors including inadequate treatment of HIV reservoirs such as circulating monocytes and glia, decreased effectiveness of cART in CNS, concurrent illnesses, stimulant use, and factors associated with prescribed drugs, including antiretrovirals. This review highlights recent investigations of HIV-related CNS injury with emphasis on cART-era neuropathological mechanisms in the context of both US and international settings.
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